How Western Civilization is shaped by what historians call 'others', Essay

How Western Civilization is shaped by what historians call others, - Essay Example subdue new regions necessitated the formulation of new ways to h senior the vast empires together. Machiavelli expounded upon how the rulers should incorporate the newly acquitted territories comprising of community belonging to distinct regions, usually having high expectations from the new ruler. According to Machiavellis views, newly acquired territories and foreign states weed be regarded as the other. Machiavelli states that these states can be divided between principalities and republics and in The Prince, he elaborates on principalities. According to him, principalities can be divided between hereditary principalities and new principalities, with the former being the ones at one time ruled by the rulers ancestors, while the new being the new ones acquired or added to underway state by the ruler.1He further states that it is easier to rule hereditary principalities because the society is alre ady accustomed to the rule. However, in face of a new principality, the ruler has to be shrewd so that the people do not repulse against him, when he fails to fulfill all their expectations as a new ruler. Machiavelli proposes that a ruler should annul such(prenominal) a freak and then punish the conspirators severely in frame to set an example and mortify future revolts2. Machiavelli regards the upholding of a new principality as more difficult because if a ruler is otiose to fully conform to their expectation, then people take up arms against him. It is much easier to rule a new principality, if people share the same language, culture and customs. The prince could assassinate the old rulers family and reveal new taxes and if he ensure that societys prevalent customs and norms are upheld, people volition not revolt. In new territories with strong linguistic and cultural differences, a ruler must(prenominal) die there to ensure the local rulers dont revolt and foster clos e ties with the subjects. He could as well form colonies which would be cheaper than to have a widespread military existence, which may induce a revolt as well. However, it would negatively affect the poor and distant populations, but because they are unable to revolt, they should be crushed. Consequently, most people would ally with the prince and the rest will fear him. To support his argument, he gives the example of Louis X113. In order to respect his presence in a foreign region, a prince must not only overmatch the people, but remain the strongest one and ensure no neighboring power takes over. He must suppress the strong powers and by default the weaker ones would ally with him and his will remain the most dominant state in the region. Princes must also be wary of new problems that could turn into a serious issue and must undertake preemptive measures.4 In newly acquired territories that were previously free, it is better for a prince to completely destroy, so that no thre at of revolt remains, as otherwise traditional ties due to shared history of freedom will propel them to revolt5. However, in a territory that was previously ruled by a prince, once the old ruler is killed, there is no threat of revolt as people are accustomed to blindly obey the ruler. In addition, a new ruler must strive to depend on his stimulate prowess, rather than passively relying on fortune. Such a ruler is more successful in maintain order and introducing a new set of rules, as he uses force and accomplishes his goals6. According to Machiavelli, a prince elect by nobles or people must strive to foster